The Christmas Star Fable or Reality

People around the world celebrate the Christmas holiday. One of the central stories in the Christmas legends is about the so-called Star of Bethlehem, a celestial event in the sky that guided three wise men to Bethlehem, where Christian stories say their savior Jesus Christ was born. This tale is not found anywhere else in the Bible. At one time, theologians looked to astronomers for scientific validation of the star, which may well be a symbolic idea rather than a scientifically proved object. Theories of the Christmas Star (Star of Bethlehem) There are several celestial possibilities that scientists looked into as the root of the star legend:   a planetary conjunction, a comet, and a supernova. Historical evidence for any of these is scarce, so astronomers had little to go on. Conjunction Fever A planetary conjunction is simply an alignment of heavenly bodies as seen from Earth. There are no magical properties involved. Conjunctions happen as planets move in their orbits around the Sun, and by coincidence, they might appear close to each other in the sky. The Magi (Wise Men) who supposedly were guided by this occurrence were astrologers. Their main concerns about celestial objects were purely symbolic. That is, they were more concerned about what something meant rather than what it actually was doing in the sky. Whatever event transpired would have needed to have special significance; something that was extraordinary.   In reality, the conjunction they might have seen involved two objects millions of kilometers apart. In this case, a lineup of Jupiter and Saturn occurred in 7 B.C.E., a year commonly suggested as the possible birth year of the Christian savior. The planets were actually about a degree apart, and that was likely not important enough to get the Magis attention. The same is true of a possible conjunction of  Uranus and Saturn. Those two planets are also very far apart, and even if they appeared close together in the sky, Uranus would have been much too dim for easy detection. In fact, it is nearly imperceptible with the naked eye.    One other possible astrological conjunction took place in the year 4 B.C.E when bright planets appeared to dance back and forth near the bright star Regulus in the early spring night sky. Regulus was considered the sign of a king in the astrological belief system of the Magi. Having bright planets move back and forth nearby could have been important to the wise mens astrological calculations, but would have had little scientific significance. The conclusion that most scholars have come to is that a planetary conjunction or alignment probably would not have caught the eye of the Magi. What About a Comet? Several scientists suggested that a bright comet might have been significant to the Magi. In particular, some have suggested that  Halleys Comet  could have been the star, but its apparition at that time would have been in 12 B.C. which is too early. Its possible that another comet passing by Earth could have been the astronomical event that the Magi called a star. Comets do have a tendency to hang in the sky for extended periods of time as they pass near Earth over days or weeks. However, the common perception of comets at that time was not a good one. They were usually considered evil omens or premonitions of death and destruction. The Magi would not have associated it with the birth of a king. Star Death Another idea is that a star might have exploded as a   supernova. Such a cosmic event would show up in the sky for days or weeks before fading out. Such an apparition would be pretty bright and spectacular, and there is one citation of a supernova in the Chinese literature in 5 B.C.E. However, some scientists suggest it might have been a comet. Astronomers have searched for possible supernova remnants that might date back to that time but without a lot of success.   Evidence for any celestial event is pretty scarce for the time period where the Christian savior could have been born. Hindering any understanding is the allegorical style of writing that describes it. That has led several writers to assume that the event was really an astrological/religious one and not something that science could ever show happened. Without evidence for something concrete, thats probably the best interpretation of the so-called Star of Bethlehem — as a religious tenet and not a scientific one.   In the end, its far more likely that the gospel tellers were writing allegorically and not as scientists. Human cultures and religions are rife with tales of heroes, saviors, and other deities. The role of science is to explore the universe and explain whats out there, and it really cannot delve into matters of faith to prove them.

The Theory Of Classical Conditioning - 1129 Words

In this assignment I will be looking at the Behaviourist perspective with Ivan Pavlov’s (1902) theory about classical conditioning. I will be discussing how I have used human development and learning perspectives in my placement to support young people in their personal and social development with providing a case study about them. I will be writing about how the theory demonstrates effective youth and community work practice including the five pillars of youth work. Behaviourists look at behaviour as a response to a certain event. They think our behaviour is concluded by our surroundings which produces stimuli to we respond, and the situations we have been in the past causes us to respond to stimuli in certain ways. Classical conditioning is one of the varieties of behaviourism. A psychologist called Ivan Pavlov (1902) looked at the way dog salivate when being fed. He thought that there are some things that dogs do not need to learn and that dogs do not been to salivate whene ver they see food. The motion of the dog salivating was compelled into the dogs mind. A Behaviourist would label this as an unconditional response which is a reaction that required no form of learning. The unconditioned stimulus is the food and the unconditioned response is when the dog salivates. For humans, there are techniques that are used that involve classical conditioning. For example, a teacher can make the learning environment positive for a class full of students to let them overcome theirShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning929 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion 5 1. Define: Classical Conditioning is learning theory based on the assumption that the learning process occurs due to associations between an environmental stimulus and a natural occurring stimulus, as indicated in our textbook. This learning theory was developed by John Watson. He proposed that this theory is able to explain human behavior. Watson also assumed that our environment shapes our personality as a whole. His ideas were influenced by the findings of Ivan Pavlov, a RussianRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning1360 Words   |  6 PagesIs it possible to rouse fear from a stimulus that at first caused no such response? Classical conditioning is a type of learning where a response is produced from combining a conditioned stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to produce an unconditioned response. Ivan Pavlov did a famous study, pairing the sound of a bell with food to produce salivation. After a while, just the sound alone would produce salivation. â€Å"Little Albert†, an infant that belonged to a wet nurse at the Harriet Lane HomeRead MoreTheory of Classical Conditioning1051 Words   |  4 PagesClassical Conditioning Introduction In psychology, there are number of theories and ideas which are used to influence the way someone reacts to particular events. In the case of classical conditioning, these ideas have been utilized to create short and long term transformations about how someone sees and reacts to the world around them. To fully understand how this is taking place requires examining these techniques and the way they are influencing behavior. This will be accomplished by studyingRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning1202 Words   |  5 PagesIn this essay the ways in which classical conditioning principals have been used to treat problem behaviours in humans will be discussed. Firstly the findings of Ivan Pavlov’s research experiment on classical conditioning will be explained. Then a number of his basic principals that include extinction, spontaneous recovery, stimulus generalisation and acquisition will be explored. Finally, the use of behavioural therapy in treating problem behaviours, specifically in relation to systematic desensitisationRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning1070 Words   |  5 Pages(1929) and Watson and Rayner (1920) contributed to the theory of classical conditioning. Classical conditioning argues behaviour is learned through the continued pairing of a stimulus that creates a response. This can be a fear response as identified by Watson and Rayner (1920) where a healthy eleven-month-old boy was conditioned to feel fear when he saw a fluffy white toy. This fear extended to any fluffy white object. Operant conditioning theory was developed through the findings of Skinner (1938)Read MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning1222 Words   |  5 Pagesexperienced. Although Harlow has found this theory, Ivan Pavlov experimented with dogs and discovered classical conditioning. Classical conditioning can show how attitudes are formed and changed, how and when attitudes influence behavior, and how we change attitudes and behavior. Classical conditioning is basically learning through association, which induces involuntary or automatic responses to certain stimuli. A famous example is Pavlov’s dogs, before conditioning the dogs would salivate (UCR) when meatRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning994 Words   |  4 Pagestransfer persist, although with a certain loss in the intensity of the reaction, for a longer period than one month.† The data reported in this paper definitely supports this conclusion. The purpose of this experiment was to test the theory of classical conditioning as well as transfer (stimulus generalization); and to see if they would be able to successfully condition an emotional response of fear. When this experiment began, Little Albert was 11 months and 3 days old. Watson and Rayner exposedRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning Theory Essay712 Words   |  3 Pagesattachment theory is a psychological, an ethological and an evolutionary theory that is concerned with relationships between humans, specifically between mother and infant. An infant has to develop a relationship with at least one of their primary caregivers for them to develop socially and emotionally. This essay will look at evaluating the theories of Ivan Pavlov, John B Watson, Edward Thorndike, BF Skinner, John Bowlby (1958), and Mary Anisworth (1979) Two important learning theories of behavioristRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning1824 Words   |  8 PagesClassical conditioning The first theory of learning is called classical conditioning and was developed by Ivan Pavlov a Russian physiologist. He started working with dogs to investigate their digestive system, they were ties to a harness and Pavlov added monitors to their stomachs and mouths to measure the rate of saliva produced. He found out that when a lab assistant came in to give the dog food before the dog tasting the food it started to produce saliva, saliva is a reflex response and PavlovRead MoreBehaviorism Theory Of Classical Conditioning1700 Words   |  7 Pages Behaviorism is a theory that behavior can be altered through conditioning. Behaviorism does not focus on thoughts or feelings of the subject, just their behavior. Ivan Pavlov was a major part of this movement of behaviorism with his theory of classical conditioning. The most important part of classical conditioning is that it is done through repetition. In his experiment he began with noticing that an unconditioned stimulus like dog fo od causes an unconditioned response like salivation. He then

Safety Measures In Ships Free Essays

string(25) " fraction of their size\." Titanic making was completed around 1907. The enormous ship captured attention globally due to its complexity. From the remains that were found on the wreck ground it was observed that the ship had Artistic completely nurtured, three-dimensional features and objects, witnesses say that the Titanic was more than describable, in fact the right phrase applicable would be, beyond words and pictures. We will write a custom essay sample on Safety Measures In Ships or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unfortunately, the Titanic met with a fatal disaster in 1912. Titanic’s story has been narrated and re-narrated. Although it sank and got destroyed, the Titanic remains a great historical source of legendary and curiosity (Young 1912). To start the comparisons between safety measures in place then at the ones put in today it sounds appropriate to ask our selves, why does it take for a disaster to happen, to change policies, strategies or laws and regulations in regard to safety precautions. Since that accident, ship owners and authorities have pushed for further measures to be installed in all major cargo and passenger ships ( Paine ,1919). To begin with, let us scrutinize safety measures in the Titanic by looking at the materials that had been used in its construction. From the wrecks, it is seen that the Titanic was made of steel plates that had been joined by iron rivets. A comprehensive survey indicated that the pieces of steel plating of this ship seemed to have metallurgy lose of elasticity which highly facilitated Titanic’s brittleness in water, due to this reaction; the Titanic was left vulnerable to total indention and rupture (Winzy. com 2008). Further analysis found out that the steel had higher phosphorus and sulfur contents. Higher amounts of the latter are said to result to fractures and likelihood of cracks respectively. Research also noted that the steel lacked in manganese and this in turn might have caused the ship’s to loose on ductility (Eye witness to History. com, 1912). This might have been one area that the manufactures of the Titanic failed. Although innovation and technology had not developed as such, it is likely or rather apparent that these firm could have used better quality material had they known. The content of these constituent minerals in the main steel have been checked. Only high quality steel with less of these chemical content is used only now as a safety precaution. Another most likely defect or amiss in Titanic’s making could be the riveting concept applied (Lawrence 1929). Investigations say that they were more fragile than expected. Slag residues found in them again could have led to the ship’s breakdown at that rate. In new ship building industries today only the best quality of rivet material is used. The number of rivets holding the steel plates together probably might have been smaller which in turn made the fracturing of the legendary Titanic even faster. Although, the building process might have seen small mishaps and setbacks, I believe more could have been done if proper studies and research had been done. Reports later on alleged that the ship building company had shortages in skilled and highly competent riveters. Mostly the riveting was carried out by hand, another aspect that might have jeopardized Titanic’s safety (Titanic Facts, 2008). However, the scene today has completely changed and everything is now mechanized: from the initial processes to the finished product. Today’s rivets are steel made which is contrast to earlier iron ones. Evidently, steel is stronger than iron which convinces of a compact and strong structure. Next point to be considered is the electronically of the Titanic as an effort towards ensuring safety, the radar in particular. Although investigations indicate that the radar was not too small, for the Titanic’s size, it design had less to be proud of or even to be associated with. In relation to Titanic’s size there were other bigger radars in comparatively average sized ships. Scrutinizing this citation, the radars capability to view far distance was lower. This could be given as the reason why the captain and his crew members might have seen the iceberg that caused Titanic her life. With advancement in technology, the extent to which radar power has gone is indeed tremendous. Their ability and scale of efficiency is even further boosted by satellite installations in today’s ships. Recently made radars can view ship obstacle from a very long distance and with satellite signals facilitating warning in good time. Moreover, in Titanic’s manufacture, the builders might have minimally concentrated on or given little thinking about how the ship, of eight hundred and fifty two feet in length could make a turning incase of an emergency or particularly to avoid collision. Perhaps in addition, the most deadly occurrence to Titanic’s design might have been her screw engine arrangement which was in a triple configuration. Also constituent were reciprocating engines run by steam which in turn drove the propellers. A turbine ran her middle propeller. Problem seen was that the reciprocating engines were reversible while the turbine was not. It is also apparent that, when Titanic’s First Officer, ordered for a reverse to the engines so as to avoid hitting or colliding with the iceberg, he handicapped or better said sabotaged the ship’s turning ability( Cynthia, 1996). This resulted to a halt simply because; the centre turbine could not reverse as the ship was cruising at full speed. In fact, the lock hampered the ship’s tendency to maneuver. This century has seen a lot of developments put into ensuring that the engines perform at maximum potential at all times. Ships of the moment have propellers that move in all directions. Titanic’s failure seems to have sent a lesson that fortunately appears to have been well learned. That fatal tragedy served as an eye opener (Robertson, 1991). Further more facing the fact that the middle propeller had been placed in front of the rudder, its effectiveness seems to have been cut down. Compared to Canard or Lusitanian rudder design, Titanic’s was just a fraction of their size. You read "Safety Measures In Ships" in category "Papers" This could have hampered its functioning. Those could have been the technical aspect of safety that lacked. Looking at the physical safety precautions, the magnitude of the disaster might have increased due to the outgrown or rather rotted lifebelts that did not work. Today safety belts are changed regularly and checked to ensure that they are functioning properly. The life boats also had little to help even though they presented a safety assurance. To dissatisfaction, these too did not function successfully (Blackwell, 1912). It was evident that they carried fewer people than they were supposed to. As a result, many people out of fear, panicked and disorder took centre stage. Saving became even harder due to commotion and distress. The fire equipment was faulty and unmanaged and the crew in control acted lazily. The obvious reason of course that badly impacted on the Titanic was that they had never encountered a fire drill before. Critics though feel that the owners of the ship and their policies caused the worst to happen (Mow bray, 1912). They particularly think that these owners were interested only in making profits at the expense of safety and even the priceless human life. Passengers more often were asked to sign warranties that indicate they were at own risk. So, this forced a large number of them aboard to even jump out of the wrecking ship. It was dangerous trying it but worth than just waiting for the unexpected. From the safety equipments to the team, there was a shortage and redundancy to reaction immediately the Titanic’s hull hit the iceberg. The nature of compartments made it impossible for passengers to quickly access the exit. Overconfidence is another aspect that negatively affected their safety reaction. There was belief that nothing could even destroy the Titanic (Lord, 1956). In the happening of the accident, it seems that safety courses had not been established and reading of signs not upgraded or even widely known among the water means users. A lot ought to have been done; the California ship nearby, could have helped but they rather turned off their wireless since they did not know the meaning of the lamp signal. Comparing with water transport today, the industry has grown very much in deed. Sinking and wrecking of the Titanic is a factor that led to a follow up of what the maritime body has achieved. It is now eminent that practices, sea traditions and culture, and design of ship building have been considered to correct the fault done earlier. Among the changes established initiated include; the International Ice Patrol to check out and clear existing and forming icebergs, new rules and regulations on lifeboats and safety belts and the twenty four hour surveillance on passenger ships. Today, the stability of ships afloat has improved, the longer it can float in the wake of an accidence the easier it gets for successful rescue and evacuation. Ship operators just put roll-on-roll-off ferries. In addition vessels must be compliant to regulations under voyage issues. Shipping companies have gone even further to catering for personal safety in ships today. With other safety fears emerging like hijacking and terrorism, security to ensure safety has been beefed up-thousands of people in America sail onboard everyday, the ships could be targeted by terror groups. In bids to ensure that this does not happen, the United States in conjunction with United Nations have imposed very strict and straight forward maritime regulations, policies and laws(George ,2008). This are meant to protect the passengers onboard. United States has created the Maritime Transportation Security Act (MTSA) and the International Ship and Facility Security code (ISPS) which are part of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) which is in turn a constituent of United Nation (US coastguard, 2008). The International Council of Cruise Lines (ICCL) indicates that the regulations on security laws require ships, governments and port facilities to access or acquire formal screening measures, security plans, waterside rescue equipment and effective communication in existence between the ports and the ships. The measures are meant to ensure safety of passengers from terrorist attacks in the middle of the sea or at the port. Other measures categorically focus on mechanical and reaction to fire problems. Rabaska, 2008) The IMO has taken the mandatory to step in and consult in terms of ship design, operation and construction. The Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) which was initiated after the destruction of the Titanic in 1914 has today been updated over time. The resultant is drastic changes in ship building and technological aspects of the latter. ( Cox ,2003) SOLAS is concerned with matters in regard to ship water tightness, communicational links, navigation capability, fire prevention, l ife-saving techniques and transport of people, cargo and dangerous goods. Ship crews are now trained on how to respond incase of an emergency. Apart from numerous regular serviced lifeboats, life-jackets are also in plenty to assist persons incase they are forced to swim. (US coastguard 2008)Most recommendable efforts though have seen ship personal safety pushed to further scrutiny of personal health. Due to rising cases of noro-virus, ships have actively played their role on carried out sanitation programs. Despite its efforts, the ship personnel is not always competent in effort towards controlling codes of behavior and so, it has emphasized to its passengers on trying to concentrate on their personal hygiene. Another thing that ships have done is the installation of security cameras. These surveillance gadgets monitor all ship compartments and if any passenger is found violating given rules they are penalized. Even after all these measures have been put in place and guarantees convinced on safety, the growing rise in sexual assaults and disappearing of passengers has become worrying. In fact, complains have seen The International Cruise Victims Organization (ICVO) experience hardships in trying to curb the menace (Silverstein, 2006). The organ though alleges that ship firms are not accountable and regulated. It says that they are not committed to protecting their passengers. Lastly, activism and lobby groups have pushed for reforms that concern insurance and compensation. They feel that all passengers onboard any vessel should be on the ship’s policy and are entitled to compensation incase of a disaster. How to cite Safety Measures In Ships, Papers

Review of Research Proposal Costing Techniques for Organisation

Question: Discuss about the Review of Research Proposal for Costing Techniques for Organisation. Answer: Introduction This research paper provides an outline for an integrated research study. Thus there has been provided information regarding the airline industry, the selected organization i.e. Emirates Airlines and its SWOT analysis, the use of accounting techniques and the challenges and issues which led the generation of the objectives of the research study. After that there has been provided problem statement, significance of the research study, research approach, data collection and plan of action. Background In present time, Tourism is regarded as one of the most prospering and lucrative businesses worldwide as individuals are keen to travel and experience new destinations around the globe and thus the demand for potential airlines in increasing day by day. With the willingness of people to spend and the improved economic condition the airline industry is getting huge attention internationally(BONHAM MAK, 2014). And the use of effective costing techniques makes the airlines more lucrative. Cost accounting is one of the major accounting processes which aims to assess the various cost of production of an organization through an assessment of the fixed costs for example an assets depreciation and input costs of every phase of production. Primarily these costs are measured and recorded by cost accounting on individual basis and then the actual results or the output is compared with the input results to support the management team of the organization in evaluating financial performance. In s etting up of programs related to cost control and in budgeting cost accounting is highly helpful as an apparatus for management. Cost accounting is beneficial in computing the unit cost of any product for reporting the cost of goods in the statement of income and cost of inventory in the balance sheet. It can be attained with various techniques such as the distribution of overhead costs of manufacturing and by the use of job-order costing, operations costing and process costing(Horngren, 2002). Various costing techniques like standard costing, absorption and marginal costing helps the management of the organization by offering variance analysis for activity-based costing, transfer pricing, revenues and costs and analysis of standard costing, capital budgeting operational budgeting, cost-volume-profit and cost-behavior. Earlier the roots of cost accounting was only in manufacturing businesses but with changing time service businesses are also recognizing the benefits of the costing techniques. For example, in a case of a banking organization it will take use of the cost accounting techniques for determining the cost realized on the processing of a check of a customer or any deposit. In the pricing of these facilities it will also offer management with guidance (Horngren, 2002). The organization chosen in the research paper is Emirates Airlines which is a segment of Emirates Group. By offering extensive services in the aviation and tourism industry, the organization has built its recognition worldwide. It holds one hundred and three terminals and has its renowned destinations in more than 65 nations. To attract and facilitate the customers the airlines offers differentiated services which are highly updated and innovative (Emirates Airline 2015). In is considered as one of the top most airlines as the organization implements competitive strategies and strong planning such as a combination of low cost and high quality of services (Maddukuri 2007). SWOT Analysis of Emirates Airlines STRENGTHS Style of management Location Brand reputation Tax advantages High quality service in low cost WEAKNESSES Negative Reports Effect of Global Crisis OPPORTUNITIES New fleet More exclusive services THREATS Increased competition Change in policies (Corneau 2013) Problem statement The aim of this research or the problem statement is to study and carry out research on the use of accounting techniques at Emirates Airlines. It is an evident fact that thorough research has been done with respect to the cost accounting and accounting techniques of Abu Dhabi and Dubai along with its use, challenges and issues. However with respect to the use of accounting techniques at Emirates, not much effort has been done and thus little research work is available for Emirates. Hence in this study we will examine that in what ways the airlines is recognizing worldwide with its use of cost effective accounting techniques. We will also emphasize on identifying the challenges related to the use of these techniques. The emphasize of this study is to identify the hurdles in implementation of these accounting techniques at Emirates and how new ways of cost accounting can be effectively utilize as a significant means for implementing these accounting techniques. Research Objectives Below listed are the research objectives of the research study for reviewing costing techniques at Emirates Airlines. To study and examine techniques for cost accounting at Emirates. To find systems and methods important for the effective implementation of accounting techniques. To study challenges associated while implementing accounting techniques.. To study role of new costing methods to implement costing techniques. Importance of the Research Study For evaluating the effectiveness of accounting techniques used at Emirates Airlines, the research study is very vital. The research study plays an important role as it will also provide significant information about the challenges associated to the use of these accounting techniques at Emirates. The study also gives emphasis on giving insight on the role of new cost accounting methods and use of new accounting techniques not only in Emirates but across the globe. And thus for future researches conducted by researchers and practitioners, the study is useful for recognizing the significance of accounting techniques globally. Along with the accounting techniques, the challenges and problems identified and discussed in the research study can be further used by researchers on a global platform. Discussion about new ways of accounting will give information about the advantages and role of new techniques in promoting cost accounting. This study can be of significant use as it will cover new accounting techniques that can be used by the accounting department and commerce department of Government of Dubai. Research Methodology Research methodology is significant for any research study as it comprises of the following elements: Approach of the approach Arguments in context with the possible happenings Field work approach and data gathering Techniques and tools techniques(scie, 2015) Research Approach Qualitative Research: It is utilized for gathering the understanding of complete details and knowledge of the research problem along with underlying causes, motivations, and views. Interviews, surveys, observations, focused groups are utilized in the qualitative research approach in the method of data collection. Quantitative research: The research problem is analyzed with the use of data which is in numerical form for the analysis by application of statistical tools. It provides a comprehensive outcome. It exposes the arrays in the study. Data is changed into cyphers or numeric form.(explorable, 2015) In this study, the approach of qualitative research has been utilized as it includes group of thoughts and views related to efficiency of accounting techniques used at Emirates Airlines. Data Collection There are various methods such as observation, survey, interview etc. for the collection of data.(people, 2015) In this research study, surveys and interviews are utilized for data collection. Interview of various experts of the airlines industry and accounting will be taken by the telephonic or face to face interview. The employees of Emirates Airlines will be given the questionnaire for survey. Plan of Action Tasks Duration Introduction 1 day Problem Statement 1 day Significance 1 day Research methodology 2 days Data collection 7 days Data analysis 3 days Findings and Conclusion 2 days References BONHAM, C., MAK, J. (2014). THE GROWING IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS. Georgetown Journal of International Affairs , 1. Corneau, S. (2013, December 02). SWOT analysis on Emirates Airlines. Retrieved February 20, 2015, from Travel Deconstructed: https://traveldeconstructed.wordpress.com/2013/12/02/swot-analysis-on-emirates-airlines/ Emirates Airline. (2015). The Emirates Story. Retrieved February 20, 2015, from https://www.emirates.com/english/about/the_emirates_story.aspx explorable. (2015, 04 10). Quantitative and Qualitative Research. Retrieved 04 10, 2015, from https://explorable.com/quantitative-and-qualitative-research Horngren, C. T. (2002). Management and cost accounting. Harlow: Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Maddukuri, D. (2007). Analysis Report on Study of Emergence of Emirates as a Global Airline. New Zealand School of Education. people. (2015, 04 10). Data Collection Methods. Retrieved 04 10, 2015, from https://people.uwec.edu/piercech/researchmethods/data%20collection%20methods/data%20collection%20methods.htm scie. (2015, 04 10). The importance of theory and methodology in research. Retrieved 04 10, 2015, from https://www.scie.org.uk/publications/researchmindedness/makingsenseofresearch/theoryandmethodology/